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Runway length- length of runway not counting any overun Critical Engine failure speed- Vcef Speed at which one engine can fail and same distance is required to stop or takeoff Critical Field length- CFL The TOTAL length of runway required to accelerate on all engines to critical engine failure speed, lose an engine, and still takeoff or stop. For a safe T.O., CFL should never exceed runway available. Take Off Factor- TOF Take off factors are %N1 settings adjusted for OAT and altitude. They are used to enter other charts, so we do not use them directly. Take off Ground run- TOGR Simply put, your roll on ground until lift off speed.. Assumptions: zero wind, mission specified weight, given PA, thrust setting, Temp, configuration Min Control Ground Speed- Vmcg Minimum speed to lose an engine and still maintain control on the ground (88 KIAS) Assumptions (Know these!): Using only primary AC controls, not deviating more than 25 ft from center line, all three wheels on runway, good engine at TRT, most unfavorable CG and gravity, trimmed for TO, not exceeding 180lbs rudder force, rudder boost active. Crosswind and RCR affect Vmcg! Min Control air Speed- Vmca Minimum controllable airspeed in TO configuration out of ground effect, with one engine in inop, and remaining engine at TRT. Assumptions: Most critical combo of assymetric thrust, light weight, and aft Center of gravity. Also trimmed for TO, 5 degreees of bank into op engine, 180 lbs of rudder force, rudder boost operating. Must always be less than TO speed, not considered in TO planning. Refusal Speed- Vr Maximum speed that can be obtained with normal acceleration, at which a stop can still occur in available runway. Compared with Vmcg and Vrot to determine S1 Max braking speed Vb Max speed at which AC will not exceed 14.8 million foot pound of energy. Always make sure acceleration check is below Vb -no kidding. (Hot brakes speed would be absorbing more than 8.1 million foot pounds of force) Acceleration Check- should always be 10 KIAS less than S1, used to make sure TO is proceeding normally. Rotation Speed- Vrot The speed at which the AC takes on the lift off attitude from taxi attitude. Always greater than Vmcg. GO/NO Go Speed- S1 Self explanatory, but should always be equal to or higher than Vmcg, or Vcef. However must never be higher than the lowest of Vref, Vrot, Vbmax. [Vmcg, Vcef < S1< Vref, Vrot, Vbmax] Lift off speed- Vlof Speed at which AC lifts off the ground Take off Flare- Ground distance between lift off and 50ft obstacle height. 50 Foot obstacle distance- Ground run + take off flare + distance to 50 foot height or above obstacle climbout speed Take off speed- Speed that permits attaining the proper 50 ft obstacle clearance by end of runway or clearance speed. Stall Speed -Vs Speed that is the higher of: When the AC will cease to fly, lift is lost with smooth control inputs OR minimum flight speed at which the AC is controllable. Climbout speed- Vco Single engine climbout speed that should be reached prior to reaching 50 ft obstacle height. For two engines, due to excess thrust, the speed is Vco + 10 (example Vco = 122, two engines Vco = 132) Climbout Factor- Variable used to determine TO and climb performance and obstacle clearance. 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